While it is widely accepted that FXS results from the loss or significant reduction in the function of FMRP, knowledge regarding the early molecular mechanisms that link the loss of FMRP to the neuropathology and cognitive impairments that characterize FXS is currently limited (Richter and Zhao, 2021; Bruford, 2022). The gene discussed is FMR1; the disease is Cognitive impairment.