Support vector machine model (Se/Sp, AUC): Training set: 84%/94%, 0.95; Validation set: 89%/91%, 0.98; Testing set: 85%/95%, 0.96; Among patients with AFP measurements (60 HCC, 17 with benign liver lesions): Support vector machine model: AUC, 0.95; AFP alone: 0.83 (p = 0.037). Here, AFP is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.