INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Semaglutide has more profound effects on overnight and fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c, both on a background of oral glucose-lowering agents and in combination with basal insulin. The influence on gastric emptying reduces over time. Semaglutide is characterized by a greater efficacy in lowering plasma glucose and body weight. GLP-1 RAs can effectively prevent CV adverse events and renal complications associated with T2DM.