LAG-3 assessment on TILs has also been commonly used to evaluate LAG-3 expression in various cancers including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma,23 colon cancer,24 and non-small cell lung cancer.25 Interestingly, overall LAG-3 expression correlated strongly with the presence of TILs, in keeping with previous findings.26 However, multivariate analyses revealed that LAG-3 expression and M stage were significantly associated with response to combination anti-LAG-3 + anti-PD-1 immunotherapy, independent of TILs. The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.