In women with postmenopausal osteoporosis, compared with healthy controls, less basal secretion of interferon gamma by CD4+ cells was reported by Breuil and colleagues.(32) Interferon gamma may promote bone loss through upregulation of RANKL and TNF‐alpha.(33) In addition to inflammation, IDO‐1 activity is also modulated by diet. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is postmenopausal osteoporosis.