EDN1 and atrial fibrillation: This study aimed to use the spinal cord stimulation (SCS) of an AF dog model to determine whether the ET-1 and NGF/p75NTR pathways can promote the positive remodeling of cardiac autonomic nerves and affect the changes in atrial myocyte channel proteins, thereby changing the electrophysiological characteristics of the myocardium and promoting positive electrical remodeling of atrial muscle, so as to antagonize the negative effects of antigens, intervene in the triggering and maintenance of AF, and thus treat AF.