On the other hand, NRF2 is frequently hyperactivated in cancer cells, including SCC cells (Cescon et al, 2015; Oshimori et al, 2015), which promotes their malignancy and chemo−/radioresistance (Sporn & Liby, 2012; Schmidlin et al, 2021). This evidence concerns the gene NFE2L2 and cancer.