TNF and neoplasm: Furthermore, they analyzed the expression of some inflammatory markers in osteoblasts, such as cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61 (Cyr 61), a TNFα-stimulated protein that promotes cell adhesion, chemotaxis, angiogenesis, and regulates tumor growth [22, 24], the chemokine C–C motif ligand 2 (CCL2), which is involved in the recruitment of monocytes, memory T cells, and dendritic cells to the sites of inflammation, and PHOSPHO-Forkhead box class O 3a (p-FoxO3a), an inactivated transcriptional repressor of Cyr61 by phosphorylation [24].