When comparing the values of IL-6 after sternum closure between the study groups, it was found that in patients of the MLOP group IL-6 levels were significantly lower (by 25.6%) compared with the ROP group (33.4 ± 9.4 pg/ml vs. 44.9 ± 15.9 pg/ml, p < 0.0001) (Fig. 4). The gene discussed is IL6; the disease is retinopathy of prematurity.