AKT1 and Alzheimer disease: In contrast to AD, mutations in TSC1 and TSC2 and hyperactivity of the Akt/PI-3kinase pathway can lead to megalencephaly and dysmorphisms/overconnectivity of developing neurons, glia, and progenitor cells seen in syndromic (TSC) and idiopathic autism (Takei and Nawa, 2014).