In light of AAA-1’s antagonistic effects on crucial protective functions of apolipoprotein A-1 in NAFLD and metabolic syndrome [19], as well as their pro-inflammatory and pro-atherogenic properties, our study aimed to ascertain whether AAA-1 may play a role in mediating hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and hepatocyte injury. Here, NPSR1-AS1 is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.