Other studies conducted in fresh frozen tissues of pancreatic exocrine and intraepithelial neoplasms, human pancreatic cancer cell lines, and xenografts, reported hypermethylation and the consequent downregulation in pancreatic cancer of other negative regulators of cell progression through G1 phase, such as the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor CDKN1C/p51KIP2 and cyclin CCND2 [49, 50]. Here, CDKN3 is linked to familial pancreatic carcinoma.