The likelihood that our observed associations between avocado intake with a higher insulinogenic index, and higher insulin levels 2-h after an oral glucose challenge, reflect compensatory increases in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, thought to occur in response to insulin resistance [40]., is supported by a finding of higher HOMA-%β values in those with untreated T2D, suggestive of better β-cell functioning. This evidence concerns the gene INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus.