These NPs reprogram the tumor immune microenvironment(TIME) and elicit strong T-cell-driven immune responses, leading tocancer cell killing and T-cell proliferation in vitro and slowing tumor growth and improving survival rates invivo. Based on expected changes to the tumor immune microenvironment,particularly the importance of IFNγ to the immune response anddriving both T-cell function and exhaustion, next-generation NPs codeliveringIFNγ were designed. The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is neoplasm.