Meanwhile, these inflammatory mediators (TNF‐ɑ, IL‐8 and IL‐6) were also found to be increased in CSE‐treated RAW264.7 and bronchial epithelial cells,34, 36 suggesting that cigarette smoke exposure results in chronic inflammation subsequently leading to progressive airflow limitation in COPD. The gene discussed is CXCL8; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.