PEBP1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Studies have shown that knockdown of Raf Kinase Inhibitor Protein (RKIP, negative regulator of Ras-MAPK/ERK signaling pathway) in NSCLC patients, causes STAT3 phosphorylation and activation Sleading to metastasis in A549 and NCI-H1299 cell lines (1, 2).