COL1A1 and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: The expression levels of BMP4, COL1A1, and SPP1 were increased and those of PECAM1, FYN, VEGFA, and CAV1 were decreased in IPF tissues compared to normal tissues in the GEO dataset GSE24206, and all of these genes exhibited dysregulation directions identical to those in the training dataset.