Activation of the NOD-like receptor (NLR) family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is observed under diverse physiological and pathological conditions, such as caloric restriction [45], type 2 diabetes [137], preeclampsia [138], Alzheimer’s disease [139] and cancer [140]. The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.