Tumor resistance to ICIs has been attributed to several potential mechanisms, such CD8+ T cell exclusion from the tumor12, a weak preexisting or dysfunctional CD8+ T cell antitumor response42, a dysfunctional state or lack of infiltration into the tumor of cytotoxic immune cells and cDC1s38,53,54 or an immune-suppressive TME driven by myeloid cells55. Here, CD8A is linked to neoplasm.