Furthermore, the phosphorylation of p-p65, p-IκBα, p-IKKα/β, and p-Akt were up-regulated in both uteri of PID rats and LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells (Figure 6 and 6G-I), indicating Akt/NF-κB pathway is activated. This evidence concerns the gene CHUK and pelvic inflammatory disease.