In addition, as for the anti-tumor mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine, some studies have found that the immunomodulatory function of an approved Chinese medicine formula, compound kushen injection (CKI) acts on macrophages and CD8+ T cells to reshape the immune microenvironment of HCC, which improves the therapeutic outcomes of low-dose sorafenib and avoids adverse chemotherapy effects. This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and neoplasm.