ERN1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: The combination therapy involving IS and cisplatin inhibits the proliferation of NSCLC cells and induces apoptosis through the activation of ERS by IS; these actions include the three branches of UPR signaling, namely, PERK, IRE1, and ATF6, and the downstream PERK-eIF2α-ATF4-CHOP pathway, which enhances cisplatin-induced apoptosis (Tang et al., 2022).