For example, in all individuals (with and without T2D), each 10-unit increase in the pPS of the genetic cluster characterized by preserved insulin secretion was associated with lower odds of T2D (OR 0.72, P < 10−300), CAD (OR 0.96, P < 10−6), MI (OR 0.95, P < 10−5). This evidence concerns the gene INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus.