Increased peripheral neutrophil:lymphocyte ratios predict shorter GBM patient survival {Chim, 2021 #379} and intratumoral neutrophils promote GBM malignancy in part through S100A4-mediated activation of glioblastoma stem cell (GSC) proliferation, invasion, and resistance to anti-VEGF therapy {Liang, 2014 #376}. Here, S100A4 is linked to glioblastoma.