Treatment with the G6PD agonist AG1 demonstrated that PPP amplification resulted in a similar phenotypic skewing to a TCF1 + progenitor-like state in co-culture with tumor cells, and in vitro pre-treatment of tumor-specific T cells with AG1 resulted in enhanced tumor control upon adoptive transfer in combination with PD-1 blockade. Here, TCF7 is linked to neoplasm.