Translocation RCC (tRCC) represents the subset of sporadic RCC driven by genetic rearrangements of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MiTF) family members, such as TFE3 gene on chromosome Xp11 and TFEB on chromosome 6p21. This evidence concerns the gene TFE3 and renal cell carcinoma associated with Xp11.2 translocations/TFE3 gene fusions.