Interestingly, in human Hsf4 mutants that cause congenital lamellar cataracts, all known amino acid substitutions located in the DBD are dominant negative mutations because of the formation of dysfunctional heterotrimers in heterozygous cells (Berry et al., 2017; Jiao et al., 2019). The gene discussed is HSF4; the disease is cataract 5 multiple types.