We found that WT BMDMs pretreated for 3 h and maintained with 100 nM OA during infection with ∆yopM Yptb showed reduced pyrin dephosphorylation (Fig. 6A) and a significant decrease in IL-1β release as compared to the DMSO control (Fig. 6B), whereas 15 min pretreatment of BMDMs with 100 nM OA did not have such an inhibitory effect on pyrin activation (Fig. 1A and B). This evidence concerns the gene MEFV and infection.