For the group of newly diagnosed T2DM patients who received no treatment for the first time, the expression level of free plasma miR-147b was moderately positively correlated with blood glucose concentration (r = 0.48; P < 0.001), inversely correlated with C-peptide concentration (r = -0.38; P = 0.006) and with HOMA-β (r = -0.52; P < 0.001), however, we did not find any correlation with insulin, HbA1C, blood lipids, microalbuminuria, HOMA-IR and HOMA-S (P > 0.05) (Table 5). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.