A TCR recognizing the recurrent neoantigen nucleophosmine 1 (NPM1) presented on HLA-A*02:01 (ref. 29,30) and T cell clones targeting the fusion core-binding factor subunit β (CBFB)–myosin heavy chain 11 (MYH11) in the context of HLA-B*40:01 (ref. 31) showed some efficacy in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse models with low AML engraftment. Here, NPM1 is linked to acute myeloid leukemia.