The importance of a pro-inflammatory response stimulated by IFN type I, particularly IFN-α, in SLE + patients, is supported by clinical parameters, such as systemic symptoms (such as fever and fatigue), skin biopsies and autopsy findings.6, 7, 8, 9 Wenzel et al. showed that patients with disseminated discoid lesions or SAL had increased serum levels of IFN type I, which may indicate an increased risk of developing systemic disease.10 Here, IFNA1 is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.