ETFDH and multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency: GAII is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in genes encoding electron transfer flavoprotein A, B (ETFA, ETFB) or electron transfer flavoprotein dehydrogenase (ETFDH), also known as multiple acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD), A wide spectrum of different ETFDH mutations has been reported worldwide, of which c.250G > A (p.Ala84Thr) is the most common, being found predominantly in southern China, while c.770A > G (p.Try257Cys) and c.1227A > C (p.Leu409Phe) are more common in northern China.