An observational study including 20 patients with non-diabetic nephropathy found that serum HMGB1 was significantly elevated in CKD and independently correlated with the accumulation of asymmetric dimethylarginine, indicating that HMGB1 is actively involved in CKD progression and might lead to the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs)92. The gene discussed is HMGB1; the disease is diabetic kidney disease.