As a DAMP and also ligand of STING signaling, mtDNA released from damaged and stressed mitochondria were increased in patients after gastrointestinal surgery with SIRS (176), in a mouse and cell model of intestinal I/R (177), and in cecal ligation perforation (CLP)-induced sepsis in mice (Table 3) (178). Here, STING1 is linked to Sepsis.