PBX3 and neoplasm: In summary, our study indicates that PBX3 stimulates PPP in tumor cells by directly activating the transcription of its rate-limiting enzyme, G6PD. Furthermore, PBX3-mediated PPP activation is crucial for its oncogenic function, most plausibly by increasing the antioxidant potential of the tumor cells and by providing them with building blocks for macromolecule biosynthesis (Figure 7).