They found that adolescents with BD had significantly higher spontaneous levels of NF-κB in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, monocyte and lymphocyte populations, and higher plasma levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) than healthy youth, while any inflammatory cytokine levels were not significantly altered in youth with MDD compared to either the BD or HC groups. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is major depressive disorder.