INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Compared with the HCs, several characteristics including Your 10-year risk (p < 0.001), vascular age (p < 0.001), TG (p = 0.009), FPG (p < 0.001) and MMSE (p = 0.004) were significantly increased in the T2DM and several other indicators including ALT(p = 0.025), AST(p < 0.001), HDL(p < 0.001), INS(0) (p = 0.028), HOMA beta(p < 0.001) and DSST(p =0.001) were significantly decreased in the T2DM.