Excessive amounts of beta-amyloid (Aβ) (Storey and Cappai, 1999, Nunan and Small, 2000) and hyperphosphorylated tau proteins (also called Neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs)) are the primary biomarker of AD which are strongly correlated with the degree of dementia in AD (Brion, 1998). The gene discussed is MAPT; the disease is Alzheimer disease.