Both the tRNA methyltransferase and the breast cancer type 2 susceptibility protein are involved in tumorigenesis in humans, which might suggest they play a role in the immunity to infections in European whitefish, though these results are observational, and substantial more work would be needed to infer any functional effect—such as the functional genetic approach used by Palvelin et al. (2021) to show that is nedd-8, rather than the adjacent cdh1 locus controlling resistance to IPNV infection. This evidence concerns the gene CDH1 and infection.