Multiple fluorescence staining of tumor biopsies of 42 patients with advanced NSCLC before treatment reveals that the total number of TLSs (P = 0.0340) and TCF-1+PD-1+CD8+ T cells (P = 0.0221) in tumor microenvironment of PNAd+ patients were higher than those of PNAd- patients (Fig. 1). This evidence concerns the gene NTAN1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.