Except the standard treatments with chemotherapy or irradiation, in the past decade, immune checkpoint blockades (ICBs) targeting programmed death protein 1, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), or cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 have revolutionized the treatment of NSCLC and rapidly become the first-line treatment for patients with advanced NSCLC (4, 5, 6). This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.