ZIKV infection leads to an increase in ROS production by the body to combat the infection, with a concomitant inhibition of the activation of antioxidant transcription factor Nrf2 and the accompanying down-regulation of antioxidant protein gene expression and their biosynthesis (HO-1 SOD and CAT) [44], as well as a reduction in GSH levels [165]. The gene discussed is SOD1; the disease is infection.