An upregulation of peEF2T56 was also seen in response to RAP treatment in PKCα-KR co-cultures in vitro, mirroring the signalling events observed in vivo (Fig. 5H), together with a significant downregulation of Cyclin A and Mcl1 expression, the latter associated being a marker of poor prognosis in CLL (Supplementary Fig. 13B) [28]. This evidence concerns the gene PRKCA and B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.