Together with our findings that treatment of latently HCMV infected CD34+ HPCs at the time of reactivation with DKK1 decreases the ability of the virus to reactivate in vitro (Fig. 2D), this suggests a conserved role of the Wnt pathway in CMV infection that is different from α- and γ-herpesvirus. This evidence concerns the gene CD34 and cytomegalovirus infection.