IL13 and congenital rubella syndrome: Eosinophil and mast cell infiltration, goblet cells proliferation, elevated immunoglobulin(Ig) E levels, and the production of cytokines like IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 by ILC2, T cells2, and Th2 cells have all been identified as the characteristics of the TH2 immune response in CRS (39).