NFE2L2 and cancer: However, in tumorous conditions, some changes, like somatic mutations and epigenetic modifications of Keap1 and Nrf2, have been reported to lead to prolonged Nrf2 activation, which in turn, decreases the apoptotic susceptibility of cancer cells and renders them resistant to chemo-and radio-therapy (Zhang et al., 2022; Pouremamali et al., 2022).