TNF and infection: have shown that primary neurons from human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)-expressing mice produce cytokines (e.g., interferon-α (IFN-α), C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10), CCL2, IL-6, and TNF-α) after infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS−CoV−2) (194).