This study described an inverse relationship between head circumference and the degree of inflammation, suggesting an inflammatory biomarker signature in neonates with microcephaly due to CZS, including Interferon (IFN)γ, IFNα2, interleukin (IL)-1a, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, C-C motif chemokine ligand (CCL)3, CCL4, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand (CXCL)8, CXCL10, IL-15, IL-10, IL-6, and IL-1RA. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is microcephaly.