PWH with vs. without CSF viral escape had more individuals (40%) with a plasma viral load (VL) > 50 copies/mL, higher CSF VL (median 156 vs. 40 copies/mL; p < 0.0001), lower CD4 count (318 vs. 512; p = 0.045), and higher CSF WBC (median [IQR] 4 [0–22] vs. 2 [0–4] cells/μL; p = 0.15) but similar proportions with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) (50% vs. 47%). This evidence concerns the gene CD4 and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder.