Importantly, retinoic acid receptor (RAR), a transcriptional factor that has been shown to produce neuroprotective effects, was predicted to be a therapeutic target for POCD, and acitretin, a representative clinically used RAR agonist, was shown to effectively prevent surgery-induced cognitive impairments and induce the expression of RARα and RARα-target genes in aged mice. The gene discussed is RARA; the disease is Cognitive impairment.